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The author suggests which of the following about the “circumstances" mentioned in the passage?
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The distinction between the nutritional quality and quantity of prey is one component of the hypotheses that attempt to explain the declining populations of Steller sea lions in the Gulf of Alaska beginning in the 1970s. One view holds that the quantity of prey available was high overall, but because of the species composition of available prey (primarily non-fatty fish of the gadid family), the diet was nutritionally inferior-the junk food hypothesis. An alternative view is that gadids are nutritionally adequate but were not available in sufficient numbers because of fishing or some other factor. In either case, juvenile sea lions would be affected more than mature individuals because of the younger animals' higher energy requirements and relative inexperience at foraging.
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The passage indicates that proponents of the junk food hypothesis assert which of the following about non- fatty fish of the gadid family?
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The highlighted sentence performs which of the following functions in the passage?
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Recent archaeological excavations of the massive warehouses of Huanuco Pampa-an important city in the Incan empire of the twelfth to sixteenth centuries一initially led archaeologists to believe that the city was a center for the distribution of food and goods to settlements in the surrounding region. However, excavations in those settlements have yielded few traces of the pottery containers used to store goods in Huanuco Pampa's warehouses. This absence of pottery traces is inconclusive, since goods may have been distributed in containers other than those belonging to the warehouses.
One sixteenth-century Spanish document may inadvertently reveal the answer: while detailing countless instances of goods being brought to the warehouses from the surrounding region, the document says nothing about goods being distributed throughout the surrounding region from the warehouses. Thus initial suggestions about the city s role as a distribution center may be incorrect: Huanuco Pampa's reason for maintaining these huge warehouses may have been simply to ensure its own well-being during periods of hardship.
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The passage is primarily concerned with
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The author suggests which of the following about the sixteenth-century Spanish document discussed in the passage?
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Which of the following, if true, would cast the most doubt on the author's reasoning about the probable purpose of the Huanuco Pampa warehouses?
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Simulations indicate, and observations confirm, that the particles constituting Saturn's rings are giving up angular momentum to moons of the planet. The simulations predict that over just a few hundred million years, the related energy transfer will cause the rings' collapse. An analogous process occurs around young stars in the disks of matter from which planets emerge, and these protoplanetary disks do vanish that quickly, computer models show. Yet if Saturn's rings are so short-lived, a large comet or moon―the rings' presumed source一must have broken apart in Saturn's vicinity within the past several hundred million years. That is quite unlikely. It would have been much more probable in the young solar system-4 billion years ago or more.
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It can be inferred that the author of the passage mentions protoplanetary disks because
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The passage suggests which of the following about the "energy transfer"?
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The seemingly unrelated aims of functional strength and aesthetic appeal had been not only successfully integrated in many of the classic suspension bridges of the past two centuries but also commonly achieved by engineers alone or leading teams. Thomas Telford was in fact both engineer and architect of his Menai Suspension Bridge, and John Roebling was both engineer and architect of his Brooklyn Bridge. That these engineering structures especially have come to be regarded as architectural icons demonstrates the aesthetic heights that an engineer can achieve.
Engineers less artistically confident than Telford and Roebling have engaged consulting architects to advise them on the design of everything from the facades placed on massive anchorages and skyscraper-high towers to the finishing details like deck railings and lampposts. Othmar Ammann, the chief engineer of the George Washington and many other New York City bridges, often sought the help of famous architects. When the George Washington was but an idea on paper, Ammann engaged Cass Gilbert, the architect of the Woolworth Building and other landmarks, to depict how the towers might be finished in stone. Since money was tight when the bridge was being completed, however, the steel-framed towers were left bare一a look that the Swiss architect Le Corbusier found extremely appealing-and bare steel became the new aesthetic standard for monumental bridge towers.
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The primary purpose of the passage is to
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The passage implies that Othmar Ammann was
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According to the passage, which of the following is true of Cass Gilberfs ideas for Hnishing the towers of the George Washington Bridge?
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Most Oakville residents want a community swimming pool to be built but do not want to finance it with local tax revenues. Oakville's mayor argues that although the town has no financial reserves, building a pool will not lead to higher taxes, since an unused town-owned land parcel is available and admission fees will cover the entire cost of operating the pool as well as repayment of the S3 million debt for construction.
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Which of the following, if true, most seriously weakens the mayor's argument?
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Isobel Grundy rightly argues that in researching pre-nineteenth-century women's historical writing, scholars must define history broadly and include historical fiction, biography, court memoirs, and family history. Grundy also believes that these writings provide "a history of a whole female culture, while embodying a pre-nineteenth-century "feminine" relationship to history. On this point, I am skeptical, as I do not believe there was a characteristic women's relationship to history. Instead, my research suggests that pre-nineteenth-century British women writers' engagement with historical discourse depended on such things as their political commitments and class affiliations and their perceptions of developing historical genres and markets. We must give sufficient attention to the myriad individual authors and texts before generalizing widely about women writers' engagements with history.
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The passage implies that its author would agree with which of the following statements about “historical fiction, biography, court memoirs, and family history"?
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Which of the following describes a difference between the author and Grundy regarding British women writers' engagement with historical discourse?
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