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By the time they enter sixth grade, many children sleep so little during the school week that daytime drowsiness may _____________ their ability to pay attention and learn.
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Satellite data show that earthguakes are sometimes _____________ by local anomalous changes in the ionosphere over their epicenters, suggesting a way of improving earthquake forecasts.
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Amerdeep Singh makes the radical suggestion that film adaptations are entirely (i) _____________ their source texts-that is, he completely dispenses with fidelity to the source as a measure of a film's success and claims that adaptations are (ii)_____________ creations.
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The mayoral candidate's recent speech was an excoriating critique of the incumbent's performance, and while it may have (i) _____________ her ardent followers, it was decidedly (ii) _____________, hardly the (iii)_____________utterances of a woman hoping to win over a broad swath of the voting public, including those who have opposed her in the past.
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According to Waters, Cheryl Fish's otherwise brilliant analysis of Mary Seacole is _____________ by a postmodern penchant for inventive jargon and fuzzy metaphysics.
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A criticism of Philip implied by the passage is that he
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The author would most likely agree with which of the following statements about the "devices”
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Although American jazz musician John Coltrane reportedly wrote other poems, the fact that to date only "A Love Supreme" has been made available to the public assures its literary significance: cast in relief as an accompaniment to his best-selling and most celebrated recording, the poem represents the sole authorized and generally accessible discursive component of what would otherwise be a wholly abstract body of creative output. This has had the effect of heightening its perceived significance for interpreting Coltrane's artistic motivations and his larger spiritual and intellectual interests. The effect seems to have been at least partly by design: by this point in his career. Coltrane was suspicious of any kind of verbal framing for his music, saying he preferred to put out his albums without liner notes and let the music "speak for itself". He declined, for instance, to be profiled in what became Spellman's widely discussed 1966 volume of jazz biography as social critique, Four Lives in the Bebop Business. In this respect he contrasted with, for instance, his contemporaries and labelmates Charles Mingus and Archie Shepp, older and younger representatives of the jazz avant-garde, respectively, who were much more apt to frame their music with expository text, and even to integrate the latter into the former. So the inclusion of the poem in the liner notes to A Love Supreme, a suite in four parts for Coltrane's working quartet, represented a deliberate and conspicuous gesture of artistic self-definition.
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Which of the following, if true, most strengthens the argument?
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This passage is excerpted from the introduction to an article.
Research shows that maximizers -people who always aim to make the best possible choice-are less happy compared to satisficers- people who aim to make a choice that is 'good enough'. Paradoxically maximizers achieve better outcomes and make objectively better decisions than satisficers, yet, they experience these outcomes as worse subjectively. As an example, lyengar found graduating seniors with maximizing tendencies accepted job offers with average yearly salaries upwards of more than $7400 compared to graduating seniors with satisficing tendencies. Nevertheless,the maximizing seniors experienced greater negative affect concerning the jobs they accepted compared to their satisficing counterparts. Why? Regret high expectations, and opportunity costs have been proffered as likely explanations: because maximizers strive toward the goal of deliberating every available alternative (e.g. applying to many jobs), they eventually become daunted as the number of alternatives increases Overwhelmed by alternatives, maximizers anticipate regretting forgone opportunities and languish over unmet expectations; ultimately this leads maximizers to experience apprehension about choosing and less satisfaction after doing so.
In this paper, l propose there is something inherent in maximizers causing them to take little satisfaction in their decisions. Because of the effort maximizers exert in making a choice-by investigating and pursuing multiple alternatives-they maximize their chances for a positive outcome (e.g. obtaining a good job offer) but in doing so,they also maximize their chances for a negative outcome (e.g.experiencing a rejection in the process of searching for a job).
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The primary purpose of the passage is to
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According to the passage, compared to satisficers, maximizers are less likely to
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The author suggests which of the following about maximizers?
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Watson and Kennedy cite ethnohistoric documentation regarding Native American women's primary involvement in horticulture and plant collecting in the Eastern Woodlands during the Mississippian period (A.D.900-1500) as evidence supporting the idea that women were involved in plant domestication in the Eastern Woodlands. In light of this evidence as well as data from other cultures showing that women generally have primary responsibility for plant-food production in small-scale societies. Watson and Kennedy find it surprising that women are absent from archaeologists' explanations for the origins of horticulture in the region. They attribute this absence to the faulty assumption that women are not cultural innovators. They challenge Smith's explanation of indigenous plant domestication for the way it removes intention and innovation from the scenario such that the plants "virtually domesticate themselves." They also challenge Prentice's theory that male shamans were responsible for domesticating gourds because Prentice's scenario removes women from the one realm traditionally granted them, plant-food production, as soon as innovation or intervention enters the picture. In addition, [hl:2]they challenge the idea[/hl:2] that after maize was introduced to northern latitudes it slowly and independently adapted to the new growing conditions. Instead, they argue that the rapid spread of maize after A.D.900 suggests that women farmers had been actively nurturing the species, for example, by crossing varieties to create, enhance, or suppress traits.
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